If you’re planning an interior renovation in New York City, you’re likely wondering: Do I need a permit for interior work? Navigating New York City’s complex Department of Buildings (DOB) regulations, Local Laws, and FDNY requirements can be a headache—but understanding what counts as “permitted” versus “exempt” work is essential. At VetraCheck, we specialize in guiding property owners, contractors, and engineers through NYC-specific compliance, ensuring every remodel is safe, legal, and stress-free.
What Type of Interior Work Needs a Permit?
Exempt or “Minor” Work
Some cosmetic or surface-level tasks are considered minor enough to be performed without a DOB permit—but contractor licensing or plumber certification may still be required. These include:
- Painting and plastering – Applying new paint or repairing surface plaster is considered cosmetic and typically doesn’t trigger DOB involvement.
- Installing kitchen cabinets or countertops – While this work is exempt from DOB permits, contractors must have a Home Improvement Contractor license issued by the NYC Department of Consumer and Worker Protection (DCWP).
- Resurfacing floors – Replacing or refinishing flooring (wood, tile, laminate) without altering structural elements doesn’t require a permit.
- Replacing non-structural roof materials – Replacing shingles or tar without affecting roof framing can be performed without DOB oversight.
- Swapping out plumbing fixtures in the same location – Even when permits aren’t required, only a Licensed Master Plumber may perform these tasks legally and safely.
However, even exempt work must follow other building and safety regulations enforced by the DOB, FDNY, and NYC Administrative Code.
Work That Definitely Requires a Permit
You’ll need a DOB permit for interior renovations that involve:
- Relocating or rerouting plumbing, gas lines, or electrical systems – Any movement or modification of these utilities is considered a major alteration requiring professional plans and DOB review.
- Cutting or constructing walls (whether load-bearing or not) – Adding or removing walls affects layout and structure, which must be documented through formal plans.
- Installing boilers, HVAC, or new ductwork – These systems fall under mechanical work and must comply with energy code, fire protection rules, and DOB requirements.
- Adding or removing rooms, altering egress, or changing occupancy type – Such changes can affect life safety systems, legal use classification, and require Alteration Type 1 permits.
- Mechanical or structural changes that impact safety – Any work that could affect fire protection, structural integrity, or load distribution must be filed and reviewed by the DOB.
For kitchens and bathrooms, most full remodels fall under Alteration Type 2 (ALT2), while work that impacts occupancy or egress may require Type 1 (ALT1).
Applicable NYC Regulations
NYC Administrative Code
Administrative Code §28‐105.4 defines exempt work categories and clarifies that exempt does not mean permission-free—you just don’t need a DOB-issued permit. Other regulations may still apply, including contractor licensing, FDNY approvals, and code compliance.
DOB’s Job Classifications
- ALT1 – Major alterations that affect occupancy classification, egress, or use of the space. These projects require full DOB review and often additional zoning analysis.
- ALT2 – Renovations involving multiple trades (e.g., plumbing and electrical) that do not affect occupancy or egress. These can typically be filed and certified by a professional.
- ALT3 – Minor alterations involving only a single type of work (e.g., plumbing only), often used for small-scale repairs or replacements.
Professional Certification & Landmark Rules
- Licensed professionals (PE or RA) can self-certify plans and file digitally through DOB NOW, expediting approval for ALT2 and ALT3 jobs.
- Landmarked buildings or historic districts require prior approval from the NYC Landmarks Preservation Commission (LPC), adding an additional layer of review.
Common Challenges Owners & Contractors Face
- Underestimating scope – Property owners often assume their renovation is “minor” until walls are opened and utilities are moved, revealing a need for multiple permits and professional filings.
- Navigating dual approval – Renovations in landmarked districts require LPC approval before DOB permits can be obtained, complicating timelines and planning.
- Following proper licensing – Even if a project doesn’t require a DOB permit, NYC law mandates that certain work (like plumbing or electrical) must be performed by licensed tradespeople.
- Liability risks – Performing work without the proper permits can result in Class 1 violations, which carry steep fines, and may void your insurance or create title issues during resale.
Best Practices for Compliance
Always Confirm Scope
When planning any work that opens walls, alters layouts, or reroutes systems, consult with a licensed design professional or VetraCheck to confirm if permits are required.
Hire Licensed Professionals
Engage only contractors licensed by the NYC Department of Consumer and Worker Protection (DCWP), Licensed Master Plumbers, and Registered Architects or Professional Engineers.
Use DOB NOW & Professional Certification
Filing through DOB NOW using professional certification can significantly speed up permit approval for ALT2 and ALT3 projects, bypassing the standard plan review process.
Consider Landmark or Historic Status
If your property is within a landmarked district or has LPC oversight, begin the approval process early to avoid project delays and legal complications.
Stay Insurance-Safe
Work completed without permits may be uninsurable and can jeopardize property claims or lead to coverage denial. Permitting ensures code compliance and legal protection.
How VetraCheck Helps
VetraCheck is New York City’s trusted partner in permit navigation:
- Scope review – We assess your renovation plans and identify exactly which permits and filings are necessary based on DOB and LPC rules.
- Plan filing & certification – Our licensed engineers and architects prepare detailed construction documents, file electronically through DOB NOW, and use professional certification for faster approvals.
- LPC coordination – For landmarked properties, we handle all Landmarks Preservation Commission filings and approvals.
- Contractor vetting – We connect you with fully licensed and insured contractors, ensuring your project meets every compliance threshold.
- Inspection & legalization – From scheduling DOB inspections to closing out permits and resolving violations, we manage the full compliance lifecycle.
Example Scenarios
Scenario 1: Bathroom refresh
You replace the vanity, sink, and faucet, and retile the floor—but you don’t touch plumbing locations. A DOB permit isn’t required, but a Licensed Master Plumber must perform fixture installations. VetraCheck confirms compliance and ensures your plumber is properly credentialed.
Scenario 2: Kitchen reconfiguration
You decide to move the sink and gas stove, relocate a wall, and install new lighting. This triggers the need for an ALT2 permit. VetraCheck handles all filings, arranges inspections, and ensures you receive a Certificate of Completion.
Scenario 3: Apartment gut in landmarked building
You plan a complete interior remodel in a prewar co-op with historic designation. VetraCheck coordinates both LPC and DOB approvals, files your ALT1 permits, and provides full project compliance oversight.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: If I just repaint and install new cabinets, do I need to file with DOB?
A: No permit is required, but your contractor must have a DCWP Home Improvement license to perform the work legally in NYC.
Q: What’s an LAA vs. a full permit?
A: A Limited Alteration Application (LAA) allows licensed plumbers and electricians to file for small-scale work like replacing gas lines or water heaters. Larger projects require ALT permits and often plan filings.
Q: How fast can a DOB permit be issued?
A: Self-certified ALT2 permits can be approved the same day. Standard ALT2 review takes 4–6 weeks; ALT1 permits typically require 2–4 months depending on project complexity.
Q: What if I skip the permit and get caught?
A: Unauthorized work can lead to DOB violations, fines up to $25,000, insurance denial, and legal headaches during property sales or refinancing.
Stay Compliant with NYC Interior Renovation Permit Rules
Understanding NYC’s interior renovation permit rules—from exempt work to ALT classifications and LPC approval—is crucial to protect your investment, ensure safety, and maintain legal standing. VetraCheck’s expert team navigates every detail—from planning and efiling to inspections and certification—so you can renovate with confidence. Contact VetraCheck today to get your permit strategy on track and enjoy smooth, compliant interiors in New York City.
